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Mars’ Infamous Dust Storms can Engulf the Entire Planet: A new study examines how

Dust storms on Mars could one day pose dangers to human astronauts, damaging equipment and burying solar panels. New research gets closer to predicting when extreme weather might erupt on the Red Planet.

Today’s weather report on Mars: Windy with a chance of catastrophic dust storms blotting out the sky.

In a new study, planetary scientists at the University of Colorado Boulder have begun to unravel the factors that kick off major dust storms on Mars — weather events that sometimes engulf the entire planet in swirling grit. The team discovered that relatively warm and sunny days may help to trigger them.

How to watch the Quadrantid meteor shower as it peaks

Astronomy enthusiasts, brace yourselves for a dazzling display as the Quadrantids, the first meteor shower of 2025, light up the sky.

The Quadrantids are unique among meteor showers as they originate from debris left by an asteroid, rather than a comet. This shower, best viewed in the Northern Hemisphere, is renowned for its bright fireballs and has been described by NASA as one of the strongest and most consistent meteor showers of the year. However, the peak visibility window is relatively short, lasting just six hours on the night of Jan. 2 into Jan. 3, and winter weather conditions such as frigid temperatures and overcast skies may challenge observers.

The Quadrantids are named after Quadrans Muralis, an 18th-century constellation astronomers no longer use. Both the constellation and the shower are named after an instrument called the quadrant, which was once used to measure the altitudes of stars and other bodies in the night sky.

How Neuralink Will Break Reality

Last video: The 2025 Boring Company Update Is Here!

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Astronomers suggest constructing a neutrino telescope in the Pacific Ocean

Every second, 60 billion neutrinos pass through your thumbnail from the Sun alone!

Neutrino Detectors and the Pacific Ocean Experiment

In the search to understand the cosmos, neutrinos—subatomic particles created in nuclear reactions—have become critical clues to some of physics’ most complex questions. Produced in vast quantities by processes such as nuclear fusion in the Sun, neutrinos are hard to capture due to their weak interactions with matter. On Earth, advanced detectors have been built to study them, including Japan’s Kamiokande and the IceCube Neutrino Observatory in Antarctica. Now, astronomers are setting their sights on a new frontier for neutrino observation: the depths of the Pacific Ocean.

Do We Live in a Special Part of the Universe?

According to a tenet scientists call the cosmological principle, our place in space is in no way exceptional. But recent observations could overturn this long-held assumption.

By Sarah Scoles edited by Lee Billings & Jeanna Bryner

Ever since humans started gazing at the heavens through telescopes, we have discovered, bit by bit, that in celestial terms we’re apparently not so special. Earth was not the center of the universe, it turned out. It wasn’t even the center of the solar system! The solar system, unfortunately, wasn’t the center of the universe either. In fact, there were many star systems fundamentally like it, together making up a galaxy. And, wouldn’t you know, the galaxy wasn’t special but one of many, which all had their own solar systems, which also had planets, some of which presumably host their own ensemble of egoistic creatures with an overinflated sense of cosmic importance.

Astronomers Discover More Dark Comets

The first dark comet—a celestial object that looks like an asteroid but moves through space like a comet—was reported less than two years ago. Soon after, another six were found. In a new paper, researchers announce the discovery of seven more, doubling the number of known dark comets, and find that they fall into two distinct populations: larger ones that reside in the outer solar system and smaller ones in the inner solar system, with various other traits that set them apart.

The findings were published on Monday, Dec. 9, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Scientists got their first inkling that dark comets exist when they noted in a March 2016 study that the trajectory of “asteroid” 2003 RM had moved ever so slightly from its expected orbit. That deviation couldn’t be explained by the typical accelerations of asteroids, like the small acceleration known as the Yarkovsky effect.

German astronomers discover three new hydrogen-deficient pre-white dwarfs

Using the X-shooter instrument at ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), German astronomers have detected three new pre-white dwarfs, which turned out to be strongly hydrogen-deficient. The finding was reported in a research paper published December 20 on the pre-print server arXiv.

White dwarfs (WDs) are stellar cores left behind after a star has exhausted its nuclear fuel. Due to their high gravity, they are known to have atmospheres of either pure hydrogen or pure helium. However, a small fraction of WDs shows traces of heavier elements.

Although WDs have a relatively small size, comparable to that of the Earth, they are a few million times more massive than our planet. Pre-white dwarfs (PWDs) are a few times larger and slated to shrink in size, eventually becoming WDs within about a few thousand years.

Switchbacks: Solar Jets may hold the Key for Understanding Complete Magnetic Field Reversals

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe mission has detected magnetic distortions in solar wind, known as switchbacks. To better understand these phenomena, whose origins remain uncertain, a study was conducted by a network of collaborators. This study, published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics, reveals that solar jets can create similar disturbances without causing a complete reversal of the magnetic field.

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe mission revealed the presence of switchbacks, sudden and rapid reversals of the magnetic field in the solar wind. These peculiar phenomena, rarely observed near Earth, have captivated the scientific community due to their enigmatic origins. A leading theory suggests that switchbacks originate from solar jets, which are ubiquitous in the lower atmosphere of the sun.

To investigate their origins, a team of researchers from LPP, LPC2E, FSLAC, the University of Dundee and Durham University conducted 3D numerical simulations to replicate plasma behavior in the sun’s atmosphere. These simulations modeled solar jets and studied their propagation in solar wind.